2013年7月17日星期三

Agua Caliente Water Rights Lawsuit Puts Agencies in Hot Water

The Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians has launched a legal battle, based on its aboriginal water rights, for clean water and plenty of it for its citizens and neighboring communities in the Coachella Valley.The Band filed a federal lawsuit in May asking the court to declare that the tribe has prior and paramount rights to ground and surface water in the Coachella Valley, to quantify those rights, and stop the local water authorities from further degrading the quantity and quality of water in the aquifer. The lawsuit was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California and names the Coachella Valley Water District (CVWD) and Desert Water Agency (DWA) as defendants.

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The lawsuit says the two water agencies have adversely affected the quantity and quality of the Valleys groundwater for decades by overdrafting the groundwater while importing Colorado River water with higher levels of salinity and dissolved solids. A water quality study conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey found higher levels of contaminants in Coachella Valley aquifers compared to the rest of the state.

"Since at least the 1990s, the Agua Caliente and others have aggressively urged the CVWD and DWA to take action to end the mismanagement, overdrafting and polluting of the aquifer underlying the Coachella Valley," Grubbe said. "The tribe has patiently attempted to work with CVWD and DWA to address these long standing concerns but to no avail. This precious resource is crucial to the future of this region and we must take action now."

The tribe cites long settled federal law to support its senior water rights claim, including a precedent-setting Supreme Court decision in 1908, Winters v. United States, which set the standard for tribal water rights on reservations. The high court concluded, among other things, that when the U.S. government created Indian reservations, it intended that the people on the reservations would become self-reliant and self-sufficient. Since water is needed to achieve self-sufficiency, for example, in agriculture, water rights were implicitly reserved for tribes in establishing reservations, the court said.

The Cahuilla Indians, ancestors of the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians, have lived in the Coachella Valley since time immemorial and the reservation was established in 1876, therefore, the Band argues, the tribe's surface and groundwater rights are the most senior in the Coachella Valley, predating all water rights decreed or otherwise claimed under California State law.

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The two agencies filed separate but similar responses to the lawsuit on July 8, denying that the tribe has aboriginal title to the surface and ground waters of the valley. Their responses say that the groundwater they supply to customers meets federal and state water quality standards, and that the tribe does not have ownership of pore space in any aquifer underlying the Coachella Valley. They also argue that the water storage space provided by the aquifer is a public resource. And they ask the court to dismiss the lawsuit.

Grubbe issued a statement saying the tribe would review the CVWD/DWA responses, but emphasized that the tribes lawsuit is about the future of Coachella Valleys water supply. What is most astonishing is the water agencies continue to deny there is any issue with the water. Independent investigations and their own documents attest to the fact that the local water is being depleted and polluted, Grubbe said. We are asking the federal court to declare our senior water rights so we can be proactive in partnership with Coachella Valley residents and prevent the Desert Water Agency and the Coachella Valley Water District from continuing to overdraft the aquifer and degrade the quality of existing groundwater.

The water agencies have warned there will be a hike in water bills if the tribe wins in court, a claim Grubbe called a deceptive attempt. to frighten the public and mislead the community. He pointed out that the water agencies have regularly increased rates over the past 10 years sometimes as much as 394 percent. This is not about rates, Grubbe said, it is about ending the mismanagement of our water resources and protecting it for generations of Coachella Valley residents to come.

The High River Hospital is currently only operating at half capacity. They have two physicians, three nurses and clerical staff on-site from both the regular staff and physicians displaced from the Charles Clark Medical Centre and Highwood Health Centre in High River. The hospital took on a few inches of water in the flood, damaging some of their medical records, the physiotherapy area, cancer clinic and back hallway. Brisebois Blouin said from the time they knew flooding could occur, they moved equipment up to the third floor and sandbagged the generator in the back hallway.

The hospitals urgent care is open 24-hours a day. Urgent care is for non-life threatening health issues that require same-day treatment, such as broken bones, sprains, lacerations, asthma, dehydration, pain and infections. For life-threatening emergency situations, Alberta Health Services urges people to call 911. There are other nearby health centres fully operational including the Okotoks Health and Wellness Centre, Oilfields General Hospital in Black Diamond and the South Health Campus in Calgary.

While the High River Hospital was closed, the Okotoks Health and Wellness Centre operated 24-hours a day with displaced staff from the hospital. They saw an increase of people, about 150 patients a day as opposed to their regular 75 patients a day, said James Finstad, communications for Alberta Health Services. However,Molded Soft PVC coaster with your custom design and colors. he said the Health and Wellness Centre was never close to capacity, with the average wait time being a standard two hours.

While the Health and Wellness Centre has now returned to regular operating hours of 8 a.m. to 10 p.m., the High River low-risk obstetrics clinic is still operating in Okotoks because it is usually held in the cancer clinic at the High River Hospital that is now being repaired after water damage.

Finstad said part of the clean-up process is ensuring infection prevention is controlled and everything meets standard. Crews are currently running dehumidifiers and disinfecting walls, floors and various surfaces.

With the opening of urgent care at the High River Hospital, residents still need to be careful cleaning up their homes. Brisebois Blouin said she has seen an increase of wounds needing tetanus shots. Alberta Health is urging people cleaning their homes to wear puncture-proof boots, gloves and facemasks. If there are no open wounds, chief medical officer Dr. James Talbot said the bacteria in the silt isnt too much of an issue.
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